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Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) Interpretation
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Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) Interpretation

Notes

Description
  • Blood gases is a measurement of how much oxygen and carbon dioxide is in your blood. It also determines the acidity (pH) of your blood.
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Values
  • pH 7.35-7.45
  • PaCO2 35-45 mm Hg
  • PaO2 75-100 mm Hg
  • HCO3 22-26 mEq/L
  • O2 Saturation 95-99%
  • BE +/- 1
 pH  PaCO2  HCO3  Causes  Intervention
Respiratory Acidosis
 Not releasing enough CO2, too much carbonic acid in body,
Hypoventilation (asphyxia, respiratory depression, CNS depression)		 Administer O2, provide hydration, HOB up, suction if needed.
 Acute  < 7.35  > 45  Normal
 Partly Compensated  < 7.35  > 45  > 26
 Compensated  Normal  > 45  > 26
Respiratory Alkalosis  Releasing too much CO2, Hyperventilation, Anxiety Calm anxious person, breath slowly, monitor ABG’s and electrolyte levels
 Acute  > 7.45  < 35  Normal
 Partly Compensated  > 7.45  < 35  < 22
 Compensated  Normal  < 35  < 22
Metabolic Acidosis Causes are severe diarrhea, starvation, shock, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, salicylate overdose Initiate IV fluid replacementas ordered, assess for signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, alkalosis, monitor ABG’s & urine pH
 Acute  < 7.35  Normal  < 22
 Partly Compensated  < 7.35  < 35  < 22
 Compensated  Normal  < 35  < 22
Metabolic Alkalosis Causes are severe vomiting, diuretic therapy, potassium deficit, excess gastric suctioning , overdose of an alkaline substance, hypercalcemia Initiate parenteral fluids as ordered, assess hepatic function, monitor ABG’s, urine, pH, and BUN
 Acute  > 7.45  Normal  > 26
 Partly Compensated  > 7.45  > 45  > 26
 Compensated  Normal  > 45  > 26

Exam

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Your answers are highlighted below.
Question 1
pH = 6.96, CO2 = 71, HCO3 = 16
A
COMPENSATED ACIDOSIS
B
NORMAL
C
COMBINED ACIDOSIS
D
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
Question 2
pH = 7.75, CO2 = 29, HCO3 = 40
A
COMBINED ALKALOSIS
B
COMBINED ACIDOSIS
C
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
D
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
Question 3
pH = 6.68, CO2 = 85, HCO3 = 10
A
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
B
METABOLIC AND RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
C
COMBINED ALKALOSIS
D
COMBINED ACIDOSIS
Question 4
pH = 7.35, CO2 = 42, HCO3 = 23
A
PARTLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
B
COMBINED ALKALOSIS
C
NORMAL
D
COMBINED ACIDOSIS
Question 5
pH = 7.50, CO2 = 9, HCO3 = 7
A
PARTLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
B
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
C
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
D
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
Question 6
pH = 7.16, CO2 = 82, HCO3 = 29
A
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
B
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
C
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
D
PARTLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
Question 7
pH = 7.21, CO2 = 60, HCO3 = 24
A
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
B
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
C
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
D
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
Question 8
pH = 7.56, CO2 = 28, HCO3 = 25
A
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
B
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
C
NORMAL
D
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
Question 9
pH = 7.48, CO2 = 19, HCO3 = 14
A
NORMAL
B
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
C
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
D
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
Question 10
pH = 7.33, CO2 = 66, HCO3 = 35
A
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
B
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
C
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
D
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
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There are 10 questions to complete.

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