Notes
Description
- Blood gases is a measurement of how much oxygen and carbon dioxide is in your blood. It also determines the acidity (pH) of your blood.
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Values
- pH 7.35-7.45
- PaCO2 35-45 mm Hg
- PaO2 75-100 mm Hg
- HCO3 22-26 mEq/L
- O2 Saturation 95-99%
- BE +/- 1
pH | PaCO2 | HCO3 | Causes | Intervention | |
Respiratory Acidosis
|
Not releasing enough CO2, too much carbonic acid in body, Hypoventilation (asphyxia, respiratory depression, CNS depression) |
Administer O2, provide hydration, HOB up, suction if needed. | |||
Acute | < 7.35 | > 45 | Normal | ||
Partly Compensated | < 7.35 | > 45 | > 26 | ||
Compensated | Normal | > 45 | > 26 | ||
Respiratory Alkalosis | Releasing too much CO2, Hyperventilation, Anxiety | Calm anxious person, breath slowly, monitor ABG’s and electrolyte levels | |||
Acute | > 7.45 | < 35 | Normal | ||
Partly Compensated | > 7.45 | < 35 | < 22 | ||
Compensated | Normal | < 35 | < 22 | ||
Metabolic Acidosis | Causes are severe diarrhea, starvation, shock, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, salicylate overdose | Initiate IV fluid replacementas ordered, assess for signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, alkalosis, monitor ABG’s & urine pH | |||
Acute | < 7.35 | Normal | < 22 | ||
Partly Compensated | < 7.35 | < 35 | < 22 | ||
Compensated | Normal | < 35 | < 22 | ||
Metabolic Alkalosis | Causes are severe vomiting, diuretic therapy, potassium deficit, excess gastric suctioning , overdose of an alkaline substance, hypercalcemia | Initiate parenteral fluids as ordered, assess hepatic function, monitor ABG’s, urine, pH, and BUN | |||
Acute | > 7.45 | Normal | > 26 | ||
Partly Compensated | > 7.45 | > 45 | > 26 | ||
Compensated | Normal | > 45 | > 26 |
Exam
Congratulations - you have completed Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) Interpretation (PM).
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Your answers are highlighted below.
Question 1 |
pH = 6.68, CO2 = 85, HCO3 = 10
COMBINED ALKALOSIS | |
METABOLIC AND RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS | |
COMBINED ACIDOSIS |
Question 2 |
pH = 7.48, CO2 = 19, HCO3 = 14
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS | |
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS | |
NORMAL |
Question 3 |
pH = 7.33, CO2 = 66, HCO3 = 35
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS |
Question 4 |
pH = 7.56, CO2 = 28, HCO3 = 25
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS | |
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS | |
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
NORMAL |
Question 5 |
pH = 7.16, CO2 = 82, HCO3 = 29
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
PARTLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS | |
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS |
Question 6 |
pH = 7.50, CO2 = 9, HCO3 = 7
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
PARTLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
PARTLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS | |
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS |
Question 7 |
pH = 6.96, CO2 = 71, HCO3 = 16
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
COMPENSATED ACIDOSIS | |
NORMAL | |
COMBINED ACIDOSIS |
Question 8 |
pH = 7.21, CO2 = 60, HCO3 = 24
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS |
Question 9 |
pH = 7.75, CO2 = 29, HCO3 = 40
COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS | |
COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS | |
COMBINED ACIDOSIS | |
COMBINED ALKALOSIS |
Question 10 |
pH = 7.35, CO2 = 42, HCO3 = 23
NORMAL | |
PARTLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS | |
COMBINED ACIDOSIS | |
COMBINED ALKALOSIS |
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