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Text Mode – Text version of the exam 1. A nurse provides medication instructions to a first-time mother. Which statement made by the mother indicates a need for further instructions? 2. A nurse prepares to administer an intramuscular injection to a 6-month-old infant. The nurse selects which site to administer the medication? 3. A nurse prepares to administer a 3ml injection via intramuscular injection to a 5-year-old child. The nurse selects which site to administer the medication? 4. A nurse is providing instructions to a mother who has a child with congestive heart failure regarding Digoxin (Lanoxin). Which statement made by the mother indicates further teaching? 5. A physician prescribes an IV solution of 500 ml 0.45% Saline with an incorporation of 20mEq potassium chloride for a child with dehydration. The nurse should check which of the following before administering this IV prescription? 6. A child was brought to the emergency department with complaints of nausea, vomiting, fruity-scented breath. The resident on duty diagnosed the child with diabetes ketoacidosis. Which of the following should the nurse expect to administer? 7. A 1-year-old child is diagnosed with scabies. Which of the following medicine is expected to be prescribed? 8. A nurse is monitoring the intake and output of an infant receiving furosemide (Lasix) IV. Which of the following method is the most appropriate in measuring the urine output? 9. An infant with a patent ductus arteriosus is admitted to the pediatric unit ward. The nurse anticipates which of the following medications will be given to the infant? 10. Hydrocortisone cream 1% is given to a child with eczema. The nurse gives instruction to the mother to apply the cream by? 11. The nurse is giving instructions to a mother with a child receiving a liquid oral iron supplement. The nurse tells the mother to: 12. A child with β-thalassemia is undergoing a blood transfusion. To prevent organ damage from the excessive amount of iron, chelation therapy is prescribed. Which of the following medications will be added to this therapy? 13. A child with Kawasaki disease is admitted to the pediatric ward. Which of the following medications will you expect to be a part of the treatment? Select all that apply: 14. A child with known hemophilia A was brought to the emergency room with complaints of nose bleeding and some bruises in the joints. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate to be given to the child? 15. The nurse is reviewing the child’s record who is scheduled to receive inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Which of the following would prompt the nurse to withhold the administration? 16. A 4 month-year-old infant has just received diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DtaP). Hours later, the mother report to the clinic because her child develops redness and swelling at the injection site. The nurse instruct the mother to do which of the following? 17. A 6-year-old child is scheduled to have measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Which of the following route will you expect the nurse to administer the vaccine? 18. Which of the following is not true regarding varicella vaccine? 19. A nurse is handling a child who is on a Furosemide (Lasix) IV infusion. The nurse instruct the mother to encourage the child to eat which of the following? 20. An unconscious child is brought to the emergency room due to Tylenol poisoning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action? 1. Answer: A. “I should mix the medication in the baby food and give it when I feed the child”. The nurse would teach the mother to avoid putting medications in foods because it may cause an unpleasant taste to the food, and the child may refuse to accept the same food in the future. Additionally, the child may not consume the entire serving and would not receive require medication dosage. 2. Answer: D. Vastus lateralis.Intramuscular injection sites are selected based on the child’s age and muscle development of the child. The vastus lateralis is the only safe muscle group to use for intramuscular injection in a 6 month-old infant. 3. Answer: C. Ventrogluteal. Intramuscular injection sites are chosen based on the child’s age and muscle development of the child. The ventrogluteal muscle is the ideal choice to administer 0.5ml-3ml amount of injection on a 3-12-year-old child. 4. Answer: C. “If my child vomits after administration, I will repeat the dose”. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside. The mother needs to be instructed not to repeat the dose once the child vomits it. 5. Answer: D. Urine output. When it comes to hypotonic dehydration, electrolyte loss exceeds water loss. The priority assessment for the nurse is to check the urinary output before the administration. Potassium chloride is contraindicated for patients with oliguria or anuria. 6. Answer: D. Normal saline IV infusion. The initial priority in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis is the restoration of extracellular fluid volume through the intravenous administration of a normal saline(0.9 percent sodium chloride) solution. 7. Answer: A. Permethrin. Permethrin and Lindane are used against scabies, but lindane is contraindicated for children below two years old because of the risk of seizures and neurotoxicity. 8. Answer: C. Weighing the diaper. The most appropriate method for measuring urine output of an infant is by weighing the diaper. 9. Answer: B. Ibuprofen. When surgical ligation is not indicated, prostaglandin inhibitors (e.g., nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) are used to close the ductus arteriosus. 10. Answer: A. Apply a thin layer of cream and spread it into the area thoroughly. Topical corticosteroids are administered sparingly and rubbed into the area thoroughly. 11. Answer: D. Administer it using a straw. An oral liquid iron supplement should be given with a straw because the medicine will stain the teeth. 12. Answer: C. Deferasirox. Chelation therapy with deferasirox (Exjade) or deferoxamine (Desferal) is prescribed to prevent organ damage from the presence of too much iron in the body as a result of the transfusion. 13. Answer: A. Gamma Globulin, B. Warfarin.,D. Aspirin. The principal goal of treatment for Kawasaki disease is to prevent coronary artery disease and to relieve symptoms such as fever and joint pain so an antipyretic, antiplatelet, and gamma globulin is used. 14. Answer: D. Factor VIII. Hemophilia A, also called factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency or classic hemophilia, is a genetic disorder caused by missing or defective factor VIII, a clotting protein. The initial treatment is the administration of factor VIII to replace the missing factor and decreases the bleeding episode. 15. Answer: B. History of an anaphylactic reaction to streptomycin. Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) contains a trace amount of streptomycin, neomycin, and polymyxin. 16. Answer: A. Application of cold compress. Redness, tenderness or swelling may happen at the site of injection. This will be relieved through cool application for the first 24 hours, followed by warm compress if inflammation persists. 17. Answer: D. Subcutaneously in the outer aspect of the upper arm. (MMR) the vaccine is administered subcutaneously in the outer aspect of the upper arm. 18. Answer: C. Give aspirin for any injection-related pain. Children receiving varicella vaccine should avoid aspirin or aspirin containing products because of the risk of Reye’s syndrome. 19. Answer: A. Apricot and baked potato skin. One of the side effects of taking furosemide is hypokalemia, so a supplemental food rich in potassium is encouraged. 20. Answer: B. Gastric lavage with activated charcoal. In an unconscious child with Tylenol poisoning, the priority intervention is to administer gastric lavage with activated charcoal to decrease the absorption of Tylenol.Practice Mode
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NCLEX Practice Exam for Pharmacology: Pediatric Medications
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